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| ==== Greek / Armenian / Syriac ==== | ==== Greek / Armenian / Syriac ==== |
| * A primary source of reflections on Greek MT is the adaptation, translation and commentary of the Téchnē Grammatikḗ of Dionysius Thrax. The Syriac and the Armenian version of the have received little attention in scholarly literature, with only a few exceptions (Köbert 1967, Belardi 1985, Contini 1998, Farina 2008, Talmon 2000). Nonetheless, the adaptation of the Téchnē played a prominent role in the foundation of the grammatical tradition both of the Syriac and of the Armenian language, particularly from the point of view of the lexicon. A first line of research will deal with the **[[Syriac_adaptation|adaptation of the Téchnē and its further commentary into Syriac around the 5th to the 6th centuries CE by Ywsep Hzy]]**. Although Greek terms are rendered either with loanwords or calques, they are often compared with grammatical terms belonging to the earlier Syriac tradition. For instance, the grammatical category of gender (Gk. ) is translated with a loanword (gensê ‹gns›), while the grammatical category of case (Gk. ) is rendered with the calque maplt ‹mplt›. The MT that will be analyzed have a twofold interest: they can shed new light on how Greek was taught and understood in a Hellenised Eastern community of bilingual speakers, and they will allow us to evaluate the linguistic stage of Syriac during the sixth century AD, an epoch when the flourishing of the Syriac literary language reaches its climax. | * A primary source of reflections on Greek MT is the adaptation, translation and commentary of the Téchnē Grammatikḗ of Dionysius Thrax. The Syriac and the Armenian version of the Téchnē have received little attention in scholarly literature, with only a few exceptions (Köbert 1967, Belardi 1985, Contini 1998, Farina 2008, Talmon 2000). Nonetheless, the adaptation of the Téchnē played a prominent role in the foundation of the grammatical tradition both of the Syriac and of the Armenian language, particularly from the point of view of the lexicon. A first line of research will deal with the **[[Syriac_adaptation|adaptation of the Téchnē and its further commentary into Syriac around the 5th to the 6th centuries CE by Ywsep Hzy]]**. Although Greek terms are rendered either with loanwords or calques, they are often compared with grammatical terms belonging to the earlier Syriac tradition. For instance, the grammatical category of gender (Gk. ) is translated with a loanword (gensê ‹gns›), while the grammatical category of case (Gk. ) is rendered with the calque maplt ‹mplt›. The MT that will be analyzed have a twofold interest: they can shed new light on how Greek was taught and understood in a Hellenised Eastern community of bilingual speakers, and they will allow us to evaluate the linguistic stage of Syriac during the sixth century AD, an epoch when the flourishing of the Syriac literary language reaches its climax. |
| * The **[[Armenian_translation|Armenian translation of the Téchnē (6th-7th century)]]** is the oldest Eastern Indo-European spreading of Greek grammatical tradition, connected with a group of Armenian medieval commentaries (Adontz 1970; Clackson 1995; Sgarbi 1988-1991; Scala 2008). Its peculiar interest for the study of MT is represented by the many translation forms which are not elsewhere attested: e.g. for the translation of the Greek týpt ‘(I) strike’, the normal Classical Armenian forms 1st pers. ganem sg., ganemk‘ pl. are employed, together with an artificial ganom in correspondence to the Greek dual (Weitenberg 2000; Sgarbi 2003). | * The **[[Armenian_translation|Armenian translation of the Téchnē (6th-7th century)]]** is the oldest Eastern Indo-European spreading of Greek grammatical tradition, connected with a group of Armenian medieval commentaries (Adontz 1970; Clackson 1995; Sgarbi 1988-1991; Scala 2008). Its peculiar interest for the study of MT is represented by the many translation forms which are not elsewhere attested: e.g. for the translation of the Greek týpt ‘(I) strike’, the normal Classical Armenian forms 1st pers. ganem sg., ganemk‘ pl. are employed, together with an artificial ganom in correspondence to the Greek dual (Weitenberg 2000; Sgarbi 2003). |
| * Another promising line of research is constituted by **[[printed_armenian_grammars|the first Armenian printed grammars of 16th and 17th centuries]]**, based on a strong adaptation of the description of Armenian to the schemas of Latin Renaissance grammar (Orengo 1994). | * Another promising line of research is constituted by **[[printed_armenian_grammars|the first Armenian printed grammars of 16th and 17th centuries]]**, based on a strong adaptation of the description of Armenian to the schemas of Latin Renaissance grammar (Orengo 1994). |
| ==== Bibliography ==== | ==== Bibliography ==== |
| |
| * Adontz 1970 Denys de Thrace et les commentateurs arméniens, | * Adontz 1970 Denys de Thrace et les commentateurs arméniens, Louvain |
| * Louvain Asperti et al. 2014 Appendix Probi, Firenze | * Asperti et al. 2014 Appendix Probi, Firenze |
| * Aussant 2020 Grammaires étendues in Bisconti et al, Héritages etc Paris | * Aussant 2020 Grammaires étendues in Bisconti et al, Héritages etc Paris |
| * Bausani 1960 The first Italian-Malay vocabulary, E&W 11, 229-48 | * Bausani 1960 The first Italian-Malay vocabulary, E&W 11, 229-48 |
| * Mahdi 2018 The first standard grammar of Malay, WACANA 19 257-90 | * Mahdi 2018 The first standard grammar of Malay, WACANA 19 257-90 |
| * Mancini 2007 Appendix Probi: correz. ortografiche o correz. linguistiche? in Lo Monaco et al, L’Appendix Probi, Firenze 65-94. | * Mancini 2007 Appendix Probi: correz. ortografiche o correz. linguistiche? in Lo Monaco et al, L’Appendix Probi, Firenze 65-94. |
| * 2016 I grammatici, lo standard e il latino arcaico in Benedetti et al, Grammatiche e grammatici, Roma 85-140 | * Mancini 2016 I grammatici, lo standard e il latino arcaico in Benedetti et al, Grammatiche e grammatici, Roma 85-140 |
| * Marotta 2012 Perché i colori chiassosi non fanno chiasso, AGI 46 195-220 | * Marotta 2012 Perché i colori chiassosi non fanno chiasso, AGI 46 195-220 |
| * Marotta 2016 Syllabae, syllabarum divisio etc in Ferri et al 2016 | * Marotta 2016 Syllabae, syllabarum divisio etc in Ferri et al 2016 |
| * Rivola 1632 Dictionarium armeno-latinum, Milano | * Rivola 1632 Dictionarium armeno-latinum, Milano |
| * Rochette 2014 Utriusque sermonis cognatio etc in Martorelli, Greco ant. nell'Occidente carolingio, Hildesheim 3-31 | * Rochette 2014 Utriusque sermonis cognatio etc in Martorelli, Greco ant. nell'Occidente carolingio, Hildesheim 3-31 |
| * Scala 2008 L’antica trad. armena della Téchn grammatik etc in Busetto, La trad. come strumento di interazione etc Milano 285-94 | * Scala 2008 L’antica trad. armena della Téchnē Grammatikḗ etc in Busetto, La trad. come strumento di interazione etc Milano 285-94 |
| * Scharfe 1977 Grammatical Literature, Wiesbaden | * Scharfe 1977 Grammatical Literature, Wiesbaden |
| * Scheucher 2019 Handing Down the Scribal Lore, New York | * Scheucher 2019 Handing Down the Scribal Lore, New York |
| * Weitenberg 2000 Gk. influence on the early Arm. linguistics in Auroux et al, Hist. of the Lang. Sciences, Berlin, 447-50 | * Weitenberg 2000 Gk. influence on the early Arm. linguistics in Auroux et al, Hist. of the Lang. Sciences, Berlin, 447-50 |
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